Suitable Texts to Use in Esl Classroom free essay sample

This lesson was about the two types of text we can use in classroom and their characteristics; authentic material, which are written or spoken texts designed for first language speakers to read or listen to, where language is not simplified for English learners, and the non-authentic materials, written for teaching purposes, this can be written by the teacher o typically, are texts in textbooks or other published materials.To be suitable to use in classroom, reading material must fulfill specific requirements, first at all, it should be relevant, this means related to learners goal and interests, second, the level of difficulty should be the appropriate, this factor its determined by vocabulary, students must know the most of the words in the text to understand it, experience in teaching can help to evaluate this or teacher can check the words in the reading material against reference lists to find out their level of frequency and difficulty, 3,000-5,000 words are required to underst and advanced level or authentic material. We will write a custom essay sample on Suitable Texts to Use in Esl Classroom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A challenging text, can still being used, but teacher should be aware of the required English level and the kind of reading tasks needed. The other aspect involved in level of difficulty is the sentence length, longer the sentences, the more complex structures, affecting how easy a text is to read and understand.The fourth factor to consider is the length of the text, a text is long if it has over 400 words, class time wont be enough to read it in classroom, will be necessary get students interested in the topic and pre-teach vocabulary, and ask them to read it at home, the alternative is re-write and shortening the text, to fit with the class time available. The decision of having a textbook, carries with some advantages and disadvantages.The pros are that, theyre written for a specific level, vocabulary and sentence structures cover books scope, tasks are already written, saving preparation time, all materials are in the same place, which facilitates that students keep track and review it, and offers a sense of accomplishment as students can chart their progress completing the book, the cons are, that theyre not written specifically to particular students, ight not be relevant or interesting, the different students level werent taking into account, therefore advanced students will get bored if the activities are too easy and less advanced students will get frustrated if the activities are too difficult, textbooks may no offer texts from variety of sources, which limits students exposure to different genres. Selecting the most adequate textbook is difficult, a guidelines was suggested to make wiser and easier this choice.Even with the a dvantage of having the reading activities included in the textbook, these usually wont fit the needs of multi-level classes, so teacher should be able to adapt these to make them easier or harder as necessary, having whole class included with the activities appropriate for the different levels. Several examples of these adjustments were given.

Free Essays on Why Latinos Should Oppose Bilingual Education

â€Å"Nationwide, about 3.5 million public school students don’t know English well enough to succeed in a regular classroom. Some school districts must accommodate children from 60 or more language groupsmany who are five or six years old and entering school for the first time, others who are older and may or may not have attended school in their homeland.† Most of these children in years past would have been expected to learn the English on their own, â€Å"sinking or swimming.† Many children did not learn this way. Bilingual programs did not devote enough time to English, so most students spent years in the programs, never really progressing. However, Christian Dominguez, a seven year old boy went from not speaking a word of English to being able to read whole books in English. In 1998, Californians voted against bilingual education and adopted â€Å"English immersion† programs. Most bilingual educators were opposed to the program at first, but tw o years later test scores had risen from the 19 percentile to the 40 percentile for limited-English-proficient students. And not just in one district, it occurred in the districts that had implemented the English immersion program in place of the bilingual education. In districts that refused to implement the program, scores did not change. Opposer of the change, Kenji Hakuta told reporters that â€Å"the scores were meaningless because the tests themselves were designed for native English speakers†. That makes the argument point even stronger for English immersion. Eventually, people started to catch on that the best way to teach any language is to teach in that language. Washington has not been so ready to pick up on California’s experience, and is still increasing funding to programs that do not work. However, â€Å"thousands of California students like Dominquez will be making steady progress toward realizing their American Dream thanks to their newfound com mand of English.ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Why Latinos Should Oppose Bilingual Education Free Essays on Why Latinos Should Oppose Bilingual Education â€Å"Nationwide, about 3.5 million public school students don’t know English well enough to succeed in a regular classroom. Some school districts must accommodate children from 60 or more language groupsmany who are five or six years old and entering school for the first time, others who are older and may or may not have attended school in their homeland.† Most of these children in years past would have been expected to learn the English on their own, â€Å"sinking or swimming.† Many children did not learn this way. Bilingual programs did not devote enough time to English, so most students spent years in the programs, never really progressing. However, Christian Dominguez, a seven year old boy went from not speaking a word of English to being able to read whole books in English. In 1998, Californians voted against bilingual education and adopted â€Å"English immersion† programs. Most bilingual educators were opposed to the program at first, but tw o years later test scores had risen from the 19 percentile to the 40 percentile for limited-English-proficient students. And not just in one district, it occurred in the districts that had implemented the English immersion program in place of the bilingual education. In districts that refused to implement the program, scores did not change. Opposer of the change, Kenji Hakuta told reporters that â€Å"the scores were meaningless because the tests themselves were designed for native English speakers†. That makes the argument point even stronger for English immersion. Eventually, people started to catch on that the best way to teach any language is to teach in that language. Washington has not been so ready to pick up on California’s experience, and is still increasing funding to programs that do not work. However, â€Å"thousands of California students like Dominquez will be making steady progress toward realizing their American Dream thanks to their newfound com mand of English.ï ¿ ½...

Free Printable Geography Worksheets

Free Printable Geography Worksheets Geography worksheets can be a  valuable resource for teachers and students looking for activities and information related to both U.S. states and foreign countries. Each link leads you to a page featuring general background about the subject, whether it be countries like Germany and Japan, or states like Alaska and Nevada. The resources also include crossword puzzles, vocabulary worksheets, alphabet-ordering activities and explanations of geographical terms- such as isthmus, island and archipelago. Use these printables as study aids, pop quizzes or launching points for discussions about the various states and countries included here.  Add these free printable geography worksheets to your homeschool day to reinforce geography skills and for variety and fun. General Geography and Foreign Countries GeographyGermanyJapanSouth America U.S. States Alabama PrintablesAlaska PrintablesArizona PrintablesArkansas PrintablesCalifornia PrintablesColorado PrintablesFlorida PrintablesGeorgia PrintablesHawaii PrintablesIllinois PrintablesIndiana PrintablesIowa PrintablesKansas PrintablesKentucky PrintablesLouisiana PrintablesMaine PrintablesMaryland PrintablesMichigan PrintablesMississippi PrintablesMissouri PrintablesMontana PrintablesNevada PrintablesNew Jersey PrintablesNew Mexico PrintablesNew York PrintablesNorth Carolina PrintablesOhio PrintablesOklahoma PrintablesOregon PrintablesPennsylvania PrintablesRhode Island PrintablesSouth Carolina PrintablesSouth Dakota PrintablesTennessee PrintablesTexas PrintablesUtah PrintablesVirginia PrintablesWashington PrintablesWest Virginia PrintablesWisconsin Printables

A Research on the marketing strategies of Meritus Mandarin Hotel and Dissertation

A Research on the marketing strategies of Meritus Mandarin Hotel and its position in the tourism industry - Dissertation Example The objective of the research paper is to analyze the reasons behind the adoption of various marketing strategies by the hotel. The research study will assess the present strategic position of the hotel and the tourism industry of Singapore. The study will also analyze the various factors which lead to increase in customer satisfaction and also provide recommendations for improving the marketing strategy and the brand positioning of the hotel. The first section of the study is the introductory part which includes a background analysis of Meritius Mandarin hotel and the tourism industry of Singapore. It also includes the academic objectives of the company. The second section of the study includes analysis of Mandarin Orchard Singapore’s branding position, pricing and revenue strategy, service recovery and complaint handling procedure of the Mandarin Orchard Singapore. In the third and the fourth section, analysis is done through correlation and regression to find out the attrac tive factors of the hotel. Finally, it concludes with recommendation to improve the ambience of the hotel, recreational facilities, food of the restaurant etc. Acknowledgements I would take this opportunity to thank and express my gratitude to my supervisor Mr. Justin Kung for his exemplary guidance in topics related to customer satisfaction, service quality and market. The constant guidance given by him throughout the project has helped me in attaining knowledge related to the project. I could not have completed the project without his help and guidance. I would also like to thank my classmates for sharing their opinions and experiences related with this project. Lastly, I would also like to thank my librarian for assisting and guiding me through a section of books related to marketing and hotel industry of Singapore. I could not have completed my project without the detailed information provided in the library books. Regards Desta lee Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Reasons for choosin g the topic Tourism has become a global activity because it is a part of the global process of change and development (Connell and Page, 2006). The importance of tourism has changed gradually over the years; it is an economic activity which promotes economic development and increases the economic growth of a country. Tourism is no longer confined to developed countries but also includes travel to the developing countries. Firstly, the mindset of the tourist has changed and they are seeking new destinations which offer relaxation and creative thinking. Secondly, the purchasing power of the people has also increased which has led to the increase in global tourism. Singapore has become one of the popular destinations of the world also known as food paradise of the world

SUMMARY OF THE TICKING BOMB Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SUMMARY OF THE TICKING BOMB - Assignment Example Wade further argues that America and the West concentrate much on budgeting on defense that surpasses even such economies like Australia’s having a massive population of 1.3 billion. The population lives on less than a dollar a day (Grabb, Edward & Neil, 11). America supports a culture that neglects community and family, but holds high and celebrates its culture. America has misunderstood that globally, people value their communities since their fate remain attached to the communal destiny. The tragedy of 9/11 rendered America’s culture archaic as Americans had continually distanced themselves from the rest of the world by that, not being aware of what happens beyond their borders. As a result, neglect of others gives rise to terrorism acts led by movements established by people such as Osama bin Laden. Such actions are based on who has and who lacks as the poor can easily be ejected. Wade encourages Americans to give their culture a second thought and develop values that are not questionable to the rest of the world. The development model should not be by people but should reflect the improvement in the people’s standard of living. Americans must realize the value of recognizing their ancestral cultures in case they go to school to eliminate illiteracy among them (Grabb, Edward & Neil, 15). In as much as people should embrace new technologies emanating from images of wealth and comfort, they should not neglect the traditional ways of caring for one another, which contrary comes with disappointments. Additionally, Wade argues that ideologies that are extreme emerge when cultures and people are not entangled Thus, to conclude, strange beliefs that are not

The King vs The Greatest Essay Example for Free

The King vs The Greatest Essay Sports comes down to competition fans and people love comparing one athlete against another just to see who the public thinks is better. Whether its fantasy comparison of Muhammad Ali vs Mike Tyson or Floyd Mayweather jr vs Manny Pacquiao. In basketball one on one comparisons are made all the time. Magic Johnson vs Larry bird, Kareem Abdul jabber vs bill Russell and there all-time greatest comparison Michael Jordan vs LeBron James. Jordan Consider the greatest basketball player of all time and one of the greatest athletes as well. LeBron on the other hand highly respected and is universally consider the best all athlete in the NBA and maybe the greatest athlete of all time. These two sports giant have always found themselves locked in a battle in seeing who is the best the old vs the new. Michael Jordan â€Å"the greatest† is consider the greatest basketball player of all time. Michael Jordan is was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was considered instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world. As of June 12, 2014 Michael had just became the first billionaire athlete. He increased his stake in his basketball team to 89.5% from 80% in last couple of months. Besides making money from his basketball team (which he owns majority) he still makes an annual earnings at $90 million a year. He’s part of the Nike family which helps with the success of Nike’s Jordan Brand, which is now roughly a $2 billion business worldwide. Michael Jordan skill set and his ability to jump set himself apart from player. When Jordan would jump or dunk some people would say it was like he was flying. Or when he do his signature shot â€Å"the fade way† it was like he was floating in the air. Besides wining 6 rings multiple MVPs the best aspect of Jordan was his ability to close out games. He was cold blooded like an assassin when it came to finishing games and this is why many people consider him to be â€Å"the greatest†. Like Michael Jordan, LeBron James or â€Å"King Jam es† is was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of today. In 2014 he was the highest paid NBA player in league. He was 3rd highest paid athlete in the world at $72.3 million. Only behind Cristiano Ronaldo with $80 million. And Floyd Maywether jr. at $105 million. King James is the NBAs biggest endorsement star, thanks to deals with Nike, McDonalds, Coca-Cola, Upper Deck and  sprite others. Sales of his Nike shoes were tops among active players at $300 million in the U.S. during 2013. James also made millions through his small stake in Beats when it was sold to Apple for $3 billion he made ($30 millions) off the deal. King James has been to 5 NBA finals won2 and lost three On the court LeBron is one of the few NBA players who teams personally foul, because he is so fats and strong he is like freight train players grab him before he get the ball up. LeBron is versatile he can any position 1-4 he’s like half the team himself. LeBron is a monster on the court and off the court and this makes him a threat to the king’s throne. Michael vs LeBron, LeBron vs Michael either way it goes LeBron is gunning for his throne and he knows it. Right know there LeBron James career he has already pretty close Jordan in a lot key stats and 29.With good health will pass Jordan n scoring, rings, rebounds, assist ,all-star games and many more. Will Michael Jordan be able to protect his throne at the top or will he fall to king gunning fast? Who knows who will be the better player â€Å"King James† or â€Å"The Greatest?†

Dress Codes in Schools Essay -- essays research papers

The dress code, an essential tool for preventing people from offending others both intentionally and unintentionally. School, a place of education. Education of necessary subjects for becoming a good citizen. Not education of outfits that show more than they hide. No matter what people say, school is NOT a fashion show. Freedom of Expression, a true right that’s true meaning is being demolished. The school must have control over the dress code and enforce it. If the school couldn’t control what people wear, just think what there control over the people would be! I intend to tell you why I believe this in more detail. Beer slogans and other offensive and truly inappropriate clothing must not be worn to school. It is argued that people see it enough on TV, in magazines etc, but think about...

Symbolism in Guy de Maupassant’s “The Necklace”

Hayley Hughes Professor Fowler English 1102 9 February 2013 Short Story Essay Guy de Maupassant’s short story â€Å"The Necklace† uses a diamond necklace to symbolize two different things. The first thing the necklace represents is that deceiving others will lead to one’s downfall. The necklace also symbolizes how the effects of greed can change a person. In the story, the reader sees the main character’s personal growth from beginning to end due to losing a diamond necklace.Mathilde Loisel’s life is turned upside down because she was materialistic, but by the end of the story Mathilde is wiser and more admirable. Mathilde changed in ways that could not have been possible had she not lost the necklace. The story opens with the beautiful Mathilde Loisel fantasizing about luxuries she and her husband cannot afford. When her husband comes home with an invitation to an exclusive party, she is upset because she does not have anything fancy to wear. Even after her husband gives her some money for a dress, she then complains about not having jewelry.Since she does not own any expensive jewlery, Mathilde goes to her friend Madame Forestier and borrows a diamond necklace. She absolutely loves the necklace and when she and her husband attend the party, everyone notices her and the necklace. After they return from the party, Mathilde is sees she has lost the necklace. However, instead of telling Madame Forestier that the necklace had been lost, Mathilde buys a replacement necklace worth 40,000 francs and gives that to her friend hoping she would not see the difference.She and her husband then spend the next ten years working to pay for the cost of the necklace only to find out that the original necklace had been a fake. Even though her hardship could have been avoided completely, Mathilde became a better person from of losing the necklace. The necklace is the main symbol in â€Å"The Necklace. † What is a symbol? According to Lite rature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing, â€Å"a symbol is a substitute for the elements being signified,† (Roberts and Zweig, 382). The necklace could be considered a cultural symbol.A cultural symbol is universally recognized (Roberts and Zweig, 383). Out of all the jewelry Mathilde could have chosen, she chose the diamond necklace. Maupassant most likely chose a diamond necklace because people would recognize the gravity of the situation in the story; most people could understand the value of a diamond necklace as opposed to some of the other jewelry mentioned in the story, which makes the diamond necklace a cultural symbol. The necklace could also be considered a contextual symbol.Unlike a cultural symbol, a contextual symbol gets its meaning from the story (Roberts and Zweig, 383-384). In this story, the necklace represents the fact that appearances are not always what they seem and that the bitter truth of reality can lead to one’s downfall. Mathilde wants to wear a diamond necklace in order for people to think she is wealthier than she is. When she borrows it from Madame Forestier, who is wealthier than Mathilde, she has no reason to believe that the necklace is a fake.Because Mathilde thinks the diamonds as being real, she thinks that others will believe she is wealthy too. In deceiving others of her wealth, she essentially deceives herself. For example, when it is time for them to leave the party her husband gives her the shawl she brought; she does not want anyone to see her wearing the shawl because it reminded her that she was not wealthy and she did not want anyone to find out. She wants to live out this fantasy as long as she possibly can and runs outside with the shawl hoping no one will notice.When she loses the necklace, she is brought back to reality and must deal with the consequences. Instead of accepting her reality that she was not wealthy and being greedy, she set herself up for disaster. The necklace symbolizes gree d and how it can affect a person. In the beginning of the story, Mathilde is greedy. She pities herself for not being born into a wealthy family, claiming it was an â€Å"error of destiny,† (Maupassant, 200). She and her husband are most likely middle-class, but she is still unhappy with their financial status. Her husband, Mr. Loisel, is the exact opposite.He takes pleasure in the little things, even praising his wife’s beef stew while she daydreamed about the finest cuisines (Maupassant, 200). All he wants to do is please his wife, but Mathilde is never satisfied. It is because of her greed that she ends up borrowing the necklace in the first place. After losing the necklace and giving the replacement to her friend, not only had the Loisels’ lifestyle changed, but Mathilde also started to change. She had to do cleaning jobs to earn money, dressed in cheap clothes, and argued with food vendors about the price of their goods in order to save every penny.After th e ten years of hard labor, the story describes Mathilde as â€Å"the strong, hard, and rude woman of poor households,† (Maupassant, 204). Even though she still reminisced about the party, unlike before where she pitied herself for not being wealthy, now she contemplates what her life would be like had she not been so greedy in borrowing the necklace. She questions how something as small as a necklace could have such a big impact on her life saying â€Å"How little a thing it takes to destroy you or to save you,† (Maupassant, 204).The necklace both destroyed her and saved her. Even though she had to deal with ten long years of working to pay back the money, losing the necklace symbolizes Mathilde losing her greediness and gaining the knowledge that money does not lead to happiness. Works Cited Page De Maupassant, Guy. â€Å"The Necklace. † Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Roberts, Edgar V. , and Robert Zweig. 10th ed. Illinois: Pearson, 2012. 2 00-205. Print. Roberts, Edgar V. , and Robert Zweig. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. 10th ed. Illinois: Pearson, 2012. Print.

Bumbum

Great Floods have been a topic of many myths throughout time. These stories are mostly about gods or higher powers trying to wipe out or cleanse the population. Some of these myths Include; Endue Genesis, Thralls Epic, Galoshes, and many more. The Ruler Genesis Is the earliest flood myth. It t†¦ Prematurely Words Pages Noah and the Great Flood The story of Noah and the Great Flood is sometimes questioned of whether or not it of God, Noah was able to accomplish this task and this event really did occur.Others, who take some of the stories from the Bible†¦ Premiums Words Pages Evidence for the Great Flood A flood generally causes a rather large amount of land to end up underwater. The Great Flood was no different, it caused almost all the land in the world to go underwater. Did the Flood?as recorded in Genesis chapters 6-8?really happen? Was there a humongous amount of water that completely reader†¦ Premiums Words Pages The Great Flood The Great flood is a historical eve nt that may have happened before O BC, this was an vent that flooded the whole world which have possibly wiped out human and plant existence.There are several different evidence that suggest the happening of the Great flood which include the several geological SSH†¦ Premium Words Pages The Impact of the Great Flood to the Thai Entrepreneur The impact of the great flood to the that entrepreneur Nowadays, Thailand has just been seriously the great flood and then lots of people face a problem with this situation. Thus, this situation have many problem become to economic crisis. Many hat entrepreneur is the most one has†¦Premium Words Pages Triassic: Account of the Great Flood Triassic: Account of the Great Flood The relationship between gods and humanity in Trashier: The Account of The Great Flood seems to carry great irresponsibility. Most of the gods display the weak characteristics of humans. They whine about work, constantly complain, selfishly create humans and t†¦ Premiums 210 Words Pages The Great Flood (The Taunting) The Great Flood Taunting Setting Where does the story take place? Describe the setting of the story.Characters Describe Opinion-Total physically and as to how the narrator describes him. What is his title? How does he serve his people? How does he feel in the opening of the story?†¦ Premium Words Pages The Great Flood of Metro Manila Saturday, September 26, it is way beyond words what Metro Manila has gone through in the hands of the recent storm, Sestina. With the unusual amount of rain that Sestina brought, it flooded where it never flooded before. Water seeped into houses and in a matter of minutes, reached 30 feet.

Free Essays on Threat Of Computer Crime On Government And Business

Of course, these are sensational computer crimes compared to the less-publicized instances of computer fraud and intellectual property infringement that regularly occur on the Internet. However, when such fraud and infringement cases are analyzed and the data compiled, then the extent of damage suffered by governments, private corporations, and individuals from these lesser-known computer crimes makes them equally, if not more sensational. Financial Impact on Business A study conducted by WarRoom Research on the effects of computer crime on business found that 58 percent of 236 corporate respondents suffered computer break-ins within the previous 12 months. Of such corporations experiencing break-ins, 18 percent of the losses exceeded $1 million each and 66% exceeded $50,0004. These figures only represent the monetary loss. What of the start-up software development company whose only asset is its intellectual property? Compromise of Intellectual Property Imagine the catastrophic effect that piracy of intellectual property and mass distribution via the electronic channels has on a small software business.5 It has been estimated that 40% of the software used in the United States is illegal, and six out of seven foreign users utilize pirated software.6 Moreover, many businesses are reluctant to admit when computer crime occurs. According to William J. Cook, the author of the United States Justice Department's manual on computer prosecution, organizations often swallow losses quietly rather than notifying the authorities and advertising their vulnerability to shareholders and clients.7 Thus, the losses are likely far greater than reflected in published reports. Espionage, abuse, fraud and intellectual property piracy are just some examples of computer crimes that have become prevalent with the growth of the Internet and electronic communication. Ordinarily, laws keep pace with the technological changes in society. However, rapid te... Free Essays on Threat Of Computer Crime On Government And Business Free Essays on Threat Of Computer Crime On Government And Business Of course, these are sensational computer crimes compared to the less-publicized instances of computer fraud and intellectual property infringement that regularly occur on the Internet. However, when such fraud and infringement cases are analyzed and the data compiled, then the extent of damage suffered by governments, private corporations, and individuals from these lesser-known computer crimes makes them equally, if not more sensational. Financial Impact on Business A study conducted by WarRoom Research on the effects of computer crime on business found that 58 percent of 236 corporate respondents suffered computer break-ins within the previous 12 months. Of such corporations experiencing break-ins, 18 percent of the losses exceeded $1 million each and 66% exceeded $50,0004. These figures only represent the monetary loss. What of the start-up software development company whose only asset is its intellectual property? Compromise of Intellectual Property Imagine the catastrophic effect that piracy of intellectual property and mass distribution via the electronic channels has on a small software business.5 It has been estimated that 40% of the software used in the United States is illegal, and six out of seven foreign users utilize pirated software.6 Moreover, many businesses are reluctant to admit when computer crime occurs. According to William J. Cook, the author of the United States Justice Department's manual on computer prosecution, organizations often swallow losses quietly rather than notifying the authorities and advertising their vulnerability to shareholders and clients.7 Thus, the losses are likely far greater than reflected in published reports. Espionage, abuse, fraud and intellectual property piracy are just some examples of computer crimes that have become prevalent with the growth of the Internet and electronic communication. Ordinarily, laws keep pace with the technological changes in society. However, rapid te...

Advancement Of The Spinning Wheel History Essay

Advancement Of The Spinning Wheel History Essay A spinning wheel is a machine utilized for the conversion of fiber into yarn or thread, which is then used to make cloths (McCloskey, 1981). Its main functions are to combine fibers into a thread or yarn and then gather it in a bobbin so that it may be used as thread for the loom. It works on the principle that if you hold a bunch of fibers together and you pull a few out, the few will separate from the rest. These are pulled while being twisted at the same time hence forming a thread (Redford, 1931). The spinning wheel was invented between 500 and 1000 AD. However, the years 1400- 1800 are the ones referred to us the era of the spinning wheel (Jefferson, 1972). Unfortunately, no real spinning wheels survive from medieval times hence the only reliable evidence comes from images and records written during that time (McCloskey, 1981; North, 1979). It improved from the spindle, which was barely a stick with some weight attached. However, somewhere between 500 and 1000 A.D., An inventor turned the spindle sideways and added a pulley, which he then connected to the drive wheel. With this, the spinning wheel was ready for the work a head. Unfortunately, the merchants vehemently opposed the wheel when it hit the Western Europe markets blaming it for producing lumpy and uneven thread hence lowering the quality (Redford, 1931). There still rages a controversy about the development of this invention with some arguing that it was made in China for silk and ramie spinning while others believe that it was made later in India in order to cater for its cotton industry (McCloskey, 1981). However, spinning technology had been around for quite sometime before majority of the people embraced it and this makes it very hard to pinpoint a specific year or time and claim that is when specific improvements were done to it (Hurt, 1954). Come the 18th century the industrial revolution brought about a very big shift in the spinning industry and the mechanization of the spinning wheel be gan (McCloskey, 1981). One of the highly acclaimed inventors of the spinning wheels is Mr. James Hargreaves. Noticing an overturned spinning wheel which continued turning while the spindle was vertical, gave him the idea that several spindles could be organized to function at the same time from that position (Jefferson, 1972). Later he developed a model, which had eight spindles hence leading to increased output by his family members. News of his inventions caused his house to be attacked by jealous spinners and in the process all his machines were destroyed. Later, Mr. Hargreaves named his invention the spinning Jenny and patented the device in 1770. The spinning wheel led to higher output per person. In thread making, output increased by a factor of more than 10. With that, the production of rags and subsequently cheap paper revolutionized the printing industry (Hayek, 1954). The faster rate of spinning led to increased demand for the spinning wheels and with this agriculture was well on the way to being mechanized (Ashton, 1957). Later, Richard Arkwright’s new invention, a water- frame spinning roller was out in the year 1968.Eleven years Later in 1979, Samuel Crompton came up with a ‘spinning mule’ which was a combination of Arkwright’s water frame and Hargreaves Jenny (Hayek, 1954).

Public Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Public Health - Essay Example surroundings and circumstances determine the health of people. Some of the factors used in the determination of health include genetic factors, educational level, income level and relationship with families and friends. The main determinants of health include social and economic environment, physical environment and the individual’s behaviors and characters. The increase in the income earning may increase the living standards; however, in some case people may fail to control their eating habits and end up acquiring diseases such as diabetes among others. The great gap between the gap between poor and rich increases the differences in health conditions. On the other hand, low education levels also contribute to the development of disease in the community. For instance, the lowly educated people may not be able to understand which kind of food to take at a given time. It becomes very difficult to create a harmonized healthy condition in the entire society because of the variatio n in the social factors (Kindig, 2015). In addition, people have different views and opinion regarding various health factors in the society. For example, some people may support abortion while other opposes the act and considers it an evil act. Such differences influence the efforts made to improve the population health.